The uncommon but severe form of acne known as acne conglobate (AC). Deep, interconnected abscesses that burrow deeply are how it typically manifests. This kind of acne frequently results in scarring and deformity.2 It's a type of nodulocystic acne, a dangerous inflammatory skin disorder that typically develops on the chest, back, and face. Over time, scarring from AC becomes substantial and occasionally disfiguring.1

 

Etiology

It is thought that Propionibacterium acnes, the same organism implicated to acne vulgaris, may have a significant role in the condition by altering its reactivity as an antigen. The strong immune response caused by the hypersensitivity to this antigen manifests as a persistent inflammatory condition. Along with the development of pus and sinus tracts, the bacteria's presence also triggers an infectious process. Typically, the pus has an foul odor and is rotten.2  

Acne conglobata may be brought on by taking thyroid medication and being exposed to halogenated aromatic hydrocarbons. Anabolic drugs and androgens (such as tumors that produce androgens) are additional factors that can cause acne conglobata.2

Treatment 2

The recommended treatment for acne conglobata is with retinoids like isotretinoin for 20 to 28 weeks, or even longer in some cases. Prednisone oral solution (1 mg/kg/d) for 14 to 28 days is even advised by certain experts. Systemic constitutional symptoms, such as general malaise, fever, weight loss, and anorexia, have been reported to respond well to steroids. Oral retinoids are more efficient than topical retinoids. Retinoids are known to be teratogenic, therefore it's vital to avoid giving them to women who are of reproductive age if they don't have access to reliable contraception.

> Doxycycline, tetracycline, or minocycline are some alternative possibilities. Tetracyclines and oral isotretinoin shouldn't be taken together because they have a genuine chance of causing pseudotumor cerebri.

> Dapsone is an option for conditions that don't respond to the above medicines. Additionally, there are case studies describing the use of infliximab and carbon dioxide lasers, either with or without isotretinoin, to treat acne conglobata.

> External beam radiation is a different therapeutic option for severe cases of acne conglobata that do not react to the previous therapies.

 

Sources:

  1. Chobb, Chintya. What Is Acne Conglobata and How Is It Treated? Heathline Updated on September 29, 2018. Available at: https://www.healthline.com/health/beauty-skin-care/acne-conglobata
  2. Hafsi W, et al. Acne Conglobata. National Library of Medicine . Updated on September 18, 2022. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK459219/

Picture:

Chobb, Chintya. What Is Acne Conglobata and How Is It Treated? Heathline Updated on September 29, 2018. Available at: https://www.healthline.com/health/beauty-skin-care/acne-conglobata