Hypertension, often referred to as high blood pressure, is a medical condition that is becoming a major health problem worldwide. In this article, we will explain what hypertension is, its causes, effects, and how it is managed. Understanding hypertension is an important step in maintaining heart health and reducing the risk of serious complications.

What is hypertension?

Hypertension is a condition in which the blood pressure in your arteries rises consistently above normal limits. Blood pressure is measured in two numbers: systolic pressure (pressure when the heart  beats) and diastolic pressure  (pressure when the heart is at rest between beats). The normal limit of blood pressure is about 120/80 mmHg. Hypertension is usually diagnosed when two consecutive pressure measurements show results greater than 140/90 mmHg.1,2,3

Causes of Hypertension

Hypertension can be caused by a variety of factors, including: 1,2,3

1. Genetic factors: A family history of hypertension can increase your risk.

2. Lifestyle: Consumption of foods high in salt, lack of physical activity, obesity, and excessive alcohol consumption can be causes of hypertension.

3. Smoking: Smoking can damage your arteries and increase your risk of hypertension.

4. Related Diseases: Some diseases, such as diabetes and kidney disease, can increase the risk of hypertension

5. Stress: Stressful conditions that occur long enough, can cause an increase in blood pressure.

 

Impact of Hypertension

Hypertension, if not managed properly, can have a serious impact on your health. Some of the possible effects of hypertension include: 1,2,3

1. Heart Disease: Hypertension is a major risk factor for heart disease, including heart attack and heart failure.

2. Stroke: High blood pressure can cause damage to blood vessels in the brain, increasing the risk of stroke.

3. Organ Damage: Hypertension can also damage other organs such as kidneys, eyes, and blood vessels throughout the body.

4. Poor Quality of Life: Hypertension can cause symptoms such as headaches, fatigue, and difficulty breathing, which can affect your quality of life.

How to Manage Hypertension

Management of hypertension is key to reducing the risk of complications. Here are some ways that can help you manage hypertension: 1,2,3

1. Consultation with a Doctor: Regular consultation with a doctor is important to ensure your blood pressure remains within normal limits.

2. Reduce Stress: Find ways to reduce stress in your daily life, such as meditation, yoga, or a calming hobby.

3. Monitor Blood Pressure: Routinely checking blood pressure and following doctor's directions is an important step in the management of hypertension.

4. Lifestyle Changes: Adopt a healthy lifestyle, including a low-salt diet, regular exercise, quitting smoking, and avoiding excessive alcohol.

5. Medications: In some cases, your doctor may prescribe antihypertensive medications, such as telmisartan, to help control blood pressure.

 

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